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Creature 
Fast Facts

Introducing you to extinct species.

Waitakere scurvy grass

THE 

WAITAKERE SCURVY GRASS

 

1. Its scientific name was Lepidium amissum when it was first collected by Thomas Cheeseman in 1870. 2. Scurvy grasses were used by the Maori & European explorers as a source of vitamin C to fight off scurvy. 3. It had 0.1 inch white flowers from December until January. 4. It grew up to 3.2 feet in diameter 5. It grew circular fruit which split in two parts and contained orange-brown seeds. 6. It is believed that scurvy grasses relied on nesting seabird colonies to disturb the soil and disperse its seeds. 7. The leaves grew with 24 - 36 pairs of teeth with 3 - 4 being more prominent. 8. The leaves were very sparse on a mature plant. 9. It was once considered the same plant as the critically endangered Cook's scurvy grass, until the collected specimens were closely analyzed. 10. It was officially declared extinct in 2012, but the last specimen collected was in 1917.

Extinction 
Cometh

Facing the light at the end of the tunnel

EXTINCTION DATE

1917

 

The Waitakere scurvy grass never seems to have grown in great abundance like other scurvy grasses. There were only ever 4 records of this plant being collected. It was first collected by Thomas Cheeseman in 1870. Like the related Cook's scurvy grass, the population of waitakere scurvy grass plummeted with the development of humans. It may have been used by sailors to combat the effects of scurvy on their journeys. The bigger threat was the introduction of invasive species, often unintentionally. Insects like the cabbage white butterfly were introduced, and the caterpillar ate much of these plants. The last collection of waitakere scurvy grass was in 1917, even though it was not officially declared extinct until 2012. Although Jurassic Park is fiction, scientists are working on several de-extinction projects. In fact, in 2003 scientists did bring back the extinct Pyrenean ibex, a type of wild goat, for 7 minutes before it died, showing de-extinction is possible. The Waitakere scurvy grass might be a good candidate. Scientists recently did testing on the 4 specimens. After analyzing its DNA, they were able to determine it was in fact its own species of scurvy grass. If it was brought back from extinction, would it be able to survive the fight against invasive species like the cabbage white butterfly and other herbivores? The results of researcher's efforts to save the critically endangered nau, Cook's scurvy grass, might be able to answer that question.

Lazarus
Tales

Short stories of return

COMING 
SOON

The Waitakere scurvy's grass's Lazarus Tale has yet to be written. Would it be able to thrive again in New Zealand if it did return?

More to Explore
All answers lead to more questions

Mature silicle

Basal stem leaf

2009 photos of Waitakere scurvy grass taken by Peter Lange
Image from New Zealand Plant Conservation Network (NZPCN)

Painting of explorer Captain Cook who landed in New Zealand in 1769
Image from Stuff 

The endangered Cook's scurvy grass also known as nau, was used to help Cook's crew avoid symptoms of scurvy during their journey.
Image from NZPCN

The Maori also used plants like the waitakere to avoid scurvy
Image of a photo from Encyclopedia Britannica

The Cook's scurvy plant is edible
Image from NZPCN

Invasive species like the cabbage white butterflies are one reason that the Cook's scurvy grass is on the edge of extinction
Image from NZPCN

Scurvy was known as the "pirate killer" and was a struggle for many explorers like Captain Cook
Image from South Asian Monitor

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